PS9500 Safety of journalists Emneplan

The course gives an introduction to the field of safety of journalists as one of scientific knowledge and institutional practices. Attacks on media professionals is a growing problem globally and threats and violence against journalists affect freedom of expression and the public sphere. Threats towards the safety of journalists raise questions of resistance and resilience, and of the responsibilities of individuals, institutions and societies. The aim of the course is to educate journalism researchers in the analytical and practical tools needed to investigate, understand, and improve journalists’ safety in an ever-evolving, transnational landscape of political and physical insecurity.

The course consists of two main thematic components:

• Central scholarly traditions and theoretical debates in the field of the safety of journalists in Norwegian and international contexts
• Knowledge from practical experiences of the safety of journalists worldwide at individual, institutional and structural levels.

The course is elective and open for all candidates in the specialization in Journalism and Media studies

Upon completing the course, the candidates are expected to have gained the following learning outcomes (knowledge, skills and general competence).

Knowledge The candidate

• has in-depth knowledge of and insight into the study of the safety of journalisms internationally and have a good overview of the main lines of argument in central theoretical and professional debates in the field.
• has in-depth knowledge and understanding of key theoretical approaches and is familiar with cutting edge knowledge including aspects of digital safety, self-censorship, gender issues, investigating sensitive issues, covering protests, war and conflict, journalistic collaborations, financial and legal security of journalists.
• has knowledge about measures that can improve the situation for journalists and journalism, including the role of UN, UNESCO and NGOs in the field of freedom of speech and journalism.

Skills The candidate

• can compare, analyse and contribute to developing concepts and ideas in the field of the safety of journalists
• can reflect on and communicate the research in the field and its development in abroader conceptual context

General competence

• assessing and identifying new research questions in the field.
• taking part in collaborative learning methods such as Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL).
• taking part in debates in national and international fora.

The course consists of lectures, discussions, presentation of candidates’ own research, and commenting on others' work.

Teaching is organised as a combination of lectures, discussions and presentations by the candidates in which selected classic texts (books and/or articles), literature reviews and meta- analyses are discussed, and topical research presented. The seminar form supports the candidates’ practical training in presenting their own research and commenting on others’. An Online International Learning approach will be used to create equitable team-taught learning environments emphasizing collaborative candidate learning.

Active participation in the seminars is necessary to adequately understand the course material and themes. Participation is mandatory and expected in all lectures and seminars. Only a minor absence can be accepted in certain circumstances after application. In these cases, lack of participation can be substituted alternative arrangements such as active reading of the relevant syllabus literature.

Course requirements are assessed as confirmed or not confirmed. The course requirement must be completed and confirmed within the given deadline in order to have the right to submit a final essay.

This course is a continuation of and specialisation in relation to the course Emergency Medicine A (PARA2000). The focus is on certain challenging treatment issues and patient groups with special needs.

Passed the first and second years of the programme.

After completing the course, the student is expected to have achieved the following learning outcomes defined in terms of knowledge, skills and general competence:

Knowledge

The student

• has broad knowledge of tentative diagnosis and intervention linked to emergency medical conditions
• has knowledge of drug treatment for children and pregnant and breastfeeding women
• has knowledge of gynaecological conditions and obstetrics
• has knowledge of diseases and injuries that affect patient groups with special needs, such as newborn babies, children, the elderly, people with chronic illnesses and people with disabilities
• has knowledge of and can recognise neglect and abuse in vulnerable patient groups
• has knowledge of children's development
• has knowledge of normal physiological parameters in children
• has knowledge of how aging affects the development and treatment of emergency medical conditions
• has knowledge of how to practise the duty of confidentiality in relation to minors/persons without legal capacity
• has knowledge of the duty to report to other agencies (the police, child welfare service) in the event of e.g. suspicion of abuse or neglect
• has knowledge of Section 29 c of the Health Personnel Act Information to be used in learning work and quality assurance

Skills

The student

• is capable of assessing the connections between signs and symptoms in emergency medical conditions in one or more organ systems
• is capable of recognising and assisting in normal and complicated births outside a hospital setting
• is capable of examining, assessing and treating ill and injured children
• is capable of examining, assessing and treating very old patients and patients suffering from dementia
• is capable of explaining the differences between hospital levels, the municipal health service's care levels and the health trusts' division/centralisation of special functions in order to choose the correct destination in different clinical situations

General competence

The student

• is capable of planning and carrying out relevant emergency medicine tasks linked to ambulance call-outs
• has an efficient and expedient prehospital approach to a broad range of patients