MBIB4000 Vitenskapsteori og metode Emneplan

Emnet gir studentene erfaring i å vurdere;og formidle vitenskapelige tekster, og dekker praktiske og teoretiske kunnskaper knyttet til de enkelte stadiene i en forskningsprosess.

Emnet er obligatorisk for alle studenter.

Ingen forkunnskapskrav.

Eksamen i emnet består av 2 eksamensdeler:

• Eksamensdel 1: Individuell FoU-oppgave. Med både en teoretisk og praktisk estetisk tilnærming skal studenten utforske og drøfte et fagdidaktisk problemområde. Det praktiske arbeidet dokumenteres i det skriftlige arbeidet (ca. 5000-6500 ord). Oppgaven danner basis for muntlig eksamen. Eksamen kan påklages. Eksamen teller 60 % av totalkarakter. Eksamen gjennomføres i andre semester.

• Eksamensdel 2: Individuell muntlig eksamen. Baseres på utspørring relatert til både individuell FoU-oppgave, fellespensum og praksisproblematikk. Eksamen kan ikke påklages. Eksamen teller 40 % av totalkarakter. Eksamen gjennomføres i andre semester.

Alle eksamensdeler må være vurdert til karakter E eller bedre for at studenten skal kunne få bestått emnet.

Eksamensdel 1: Alle hjelpemidler er tillatt så lenge regler for kildehenvisning følges.

Economic activities impact the environment. Plastics end up in the ocean, producing one T-shirt consumes thousands of liters of water, and salmon farmers pour toxic chemicals into the seas to fight lice infestations. Economists see the natural world around them as providing environmental goods and services that we all enjoy, such as a lake to swim in, drinking water, or a forest that filters the air. Those environmental goods are not easily traded in a market because of their public good characteristics. And pollution to an economist is an unintended byproduct - an externality - of activities that are otherwise desirable, like flying to New York, assembling computers, or eating dinner.

This course teaches students to think like economists about a wide range of environmental problems, from small, local ones like noise from a train track to the biggest one of them all, climate change. We discuss how to judge a particular amount of pollution - is it economically efficient, is it fair? Pollution characteristics - does the location of polluters and polluted matter, does pollution accumulate in the air or water? - determine how we go about trying to establish optimal levels of pollution - for example air pollution in Oslo.

We will discuss ways to "put a price" on the environment and to carry out cost-benefit-analysis to decide whether projects that have environmental impacts - such as a new highway into Oslo - are worth carrying out.

Students also learn about the economics of environmental regulation. We can try to reduce pollution in many ways: by providing information, `nudging´ people to `do the right thing´, subsidizing clean technologies, taxing emissions, creating cap-and-trade markets, or outright banning substances.

Finally, students will think about how green technology is developed and can be incentivized by policy.

Language of instruction is English.

Anbefalt gjennomført og bestått Fagdidaktikk I

Emnet overlapper 15 studiepoeng med PFKH1100.

The following coursework requirements must have been approved in order for the student to take the exam:

• Coursework 1: Written assignment. Group work. Maximum 5 pages.
• Coursework 2: Written assignment. Group or individual work. Maximum 5 pages.
• Coursework 3: Written assignment. Individual work. Maximum 5 pages.

The group work will be carried out in groups consisting of 2-5 students, depending on the number of participating students in the course.

The coursework is part of the active learning experience for the students and helps prepare students for the final exam. It also serves as useful feedback about the effectiveness of the lecturer's teaching.

All required coursework must be completed and approved by the given deadline in order for the student to take the exam. If one or more coursework requirements have not been approved, the student will be given one opportunity to submit a new or improved version by the given deadline.

The exam in the course is a supervised exam of 4 hours.

The following aids are permitted:

• One dictionary (Native language-English/English-native language or English-English)
• Calculator (see regulations for the use of calculators in the programme description)