PARA2100 Akuttmedisinsk etikk, konflikt og krisehåndtering Emneplan

The admission requirements are, in accordance with the Regulations for Admission to Higher Education, the Higher Education Entrance Qualification or an assessment of prior learning and work experience. In addition, the upper secondary school mathematics courses R1 or S1+S2 and either Physics 1, Biology 1 or Chemistry 1 are required.

The use of clothing that covers the face is not compatible with taking the programme.

The purpose of the Bachelor's Programme in Medical Laboratory Sciences is to qualify students for independent work as medical laboratory technicians and for participation in professional, interdisciplinary and interprofessional cooperation. After completing the programme, the candidate will be qualified to fill the present and future need for medical laboratory services.

The overall learning outcomes are defined in terms of knowledge, skills and general competence.

Knowledge

The candidate has knowledge about

• quantitative and qualitative methods, laboratory techniques and analysis processes
• advanced analysis instruments and laboratory equipment
• control methods and quality assurance of own work
• the limitations of and sources of error in laboratory methods
• the reliability of analysis results and their statistical and medical probabilities
• the application of analyses and the importance of test results both in relation to the body's normal functions and disease
• biological samples and quality, safety and ethical issues relating to the use, examination and storage of such material
• the distinct nature, history and development of medical laboratory sciences
• the place of laboratory medicine in the health service

Skills

The candidate

• masters analysis techniques and knows how to use methods, laboratory equipment and analysis instruments used in medical laboratories
• is capable of considering pre-analytical issues and treating biological material in the proper manner
• is capable of assessing the possibilities, limitations and sources of error associated with laboratory methods
• is capable of taking blood samples from patients and taking blood from blood donors
• masters professional forms of communication and is capable of communicating relevant subject matter orally and in writing

General competence

The candidate

• is capable of working in a systematic and accurate manner and complying with the applicable procedures, laws and regulations
• is capable of evidence-based work and of reflecting on his/her professional practice
• is capable of complying with professional ethical guidelines
• is capable of interdisciplinary work and cooperation with other professions
• respects individual and cultural differences
• masters general infection control procedures
• is capable of using simple tools used in innovation and entrepreneurship

The Bachelor's Programme in Medical Laboratory Sciences covers subjects in the fields of medical laboratory sciences, natural and social sciences and the humanities. The programme is built around three main areas:

• health and disease
• biomedical analysis
• professional role

The topics are closely intertwined in the teaching and form the basis for the skills that are necessary to practise the profession. Students will develop knowledge, skills and general competence that enable them to follow up and influence development of the discipline and what society requires of medical laboratory services.First year of study:Basis for biomedical analysis and laboratory medicine The emphasis in the first year of the programme is on basic knowledge in the field of laboratory technology and natural sciences. There is also a common course with students of other health science programmes that covers philosophy of science, ethics and communication. Students take practical training at an outpatient clinic.

Second year of study:Biomedical analysis, methodology and diagnosis The emphasis in this year of the programme is biomedical analysis as a basis for diagnosis. This includes knowledge of methods, analysis, quality assurance and assessment of test results within the laboratory subjects. The students take practical training at a laboratory for medical biochemistry.

Third year of study:Medical laboratory sciences and professional knowledge in practice The last year of the programme emphasises biomedical analysis and professional knowledge in practice. Main topics are quality assurance, quality development, evidence-based practice and ethical reflection in relation to practising the profession and the practitioner's professional role. The students will take practical training at a medical special laboratory and a blood bank. The programme concludes with a bachelor¿s assignment in medical laboratory sciences. The programme is organised as 14 compulsory and two voluntary courses. The courses are build on each other to ensure progress, with increasing requirements for knowledge and understanding of medical laboratory sciences. The programme comprises both practical and theoretical tuition internally at OsloMet and externally on practical training placements. Each year of the programme has a scope of 60 credits. All courses conclude in a final assessment.  

The academic year is 40 weeks and the expected workload is 40 hours per week. This includes scheduled activities, students' own activity and exams.

Study progress

It is a precondition that students have passed the preceding year of the programme to continue to the second and third year, respectively.

The Bachelor’s Degree Programme in Paramedic Science is a three-year programme of professional study (180 credits). Students who complete the programme are awarded the degree of Bachelor in Paramedic Science, which forms the basis for applying for authorisation as a paramedic in accordance with the Act relating to Health Personnel etc. The programme description has been drawn up on the basis of the National Regulations relating to a Common Curriculum for Health and Social Care Education and the Regulations on National Guidelines for Paramedic Science Education, adopted by the Ministry of Education and Research. The programme was established under the Act relating to Universities and University Colleges and the Regulations relating to Studies and Examinations at OsloMet – Oslo Metropolitan University.

The tasks of a paramedic are varied and at times demanding. Paramedics usually work in the ambulance service, but can also work in the emergency medical service, emergency departments, the psychiatric health service, substance abuse care, or in discipline development and training. Patient encounters can range from simple, routine situations to acute situations involving serious ill and injured patients. In the ambulance service, paramedics are responsible for examining, assessing and treating patients and for transporting patients to the right place at the right time.

Knowledge of basic medical, ethical and operational disciplines is often combined with more specific disciplines in emergency medicine and traumatology. One example of this may be to examine the patient with the aim of identifying whether the symptoms are due chronic illness or an acute need of medical support. Relational, communicative and guidance competence enables the paramedic to understand and interact with patients, next of kin and colleagues, which is essential for the professional practice. Paramedics also cooperate with colleagues across professions and disciplines in different situations in the primary and specialist health services, and in the rescue services.

The education is rooted in both natural sciences and health sciences. The paramedic discipline combines evidence-based practice with knowledge about health, diseases and injuries, ethics, law, patient safety, decision-making, management, operative ambulance work and emergency preparedness. Elderly patients and people with mental health disorders and/or drug and addiction problems comprise important target groups, besides acutely ill and injured children and adults. A paramedic will also take care of people who have been victims of neglect, violence and abuse.

Relevance to working life

Paramedics work at the individual, group and system level in many fields of the primary and specialist health services. Paramedics work with people of all ages, for example in the road, sea or air ambulance service, emergency medical communication centres, emergency departments, municipal emergency inpatient units, emergency medical centres and the Norwegian Armed Forces’ medical service

Relevance to further education

A bachelor’s degree in Paramedic Science also qualifies candidates for admission to a number of master’s degree programmes in health sciences. Prehospital Critical Care at the University of Stavanger is particularly relevant.

Everyone who wishes to take a bachelor’s degree in paramedic science in order to practise as a paramedic, or as the starting point for further studies.

Hjemmeeksamen over tre dager i gruppe på inntil tre studenter, 3000 ord (+/- 10 prosent).

Coursework requirements are all types of work, tests and compulsory attendance that are requirements for being permitted to take the exam or complete practical training. Coursework requirements are assessed as approved/not approved. The coursework requirements for each course are described in the relevant course description.

The primary purpose of coursework requirements is to promote students' progress and academic development and to encourage students to acquire new knowledge. The programme has coursework requirements in the form of compulsory attendance, written assignments and a practical test.

Compulsory attendance

There is a compulsory attendance requirement for several parts of the programme to ensure that the students have the necessary basis to achieve the learning outcomes.

A minimum of 90% attendance is required in skills training in the university college¿s laboratories and in practical training at medical laboratories, outpatient clinics and blood banks. There is a minimum attendance requirement of 80% for scheduled group work, project work and some seminars. Other activities may also be subject to compulsory attendance requirements. Detailed provisions on compulsory attendance are included in the course descriptions.

If a student exceeds the maximum limit for absence, the lecturer will consider whether it is possible to compensate for absence by meeting alternative requirements, for example individual written assignments. Whether or not it is possible to compensate for absence depends on the extent of the student's absence and which activities they have missed. Absence from compulsory teaching that cannot be compensated may delay the student's advancement in the program.

Written assignments

Several courses have written assignments, logs or reports as part of their coursework requirements. Written work that is not approved must be reworked before re-submission. If the work is not approved on re-submission, the student cannot take the ordinary exam/assessment.

Students are entitled to a third attempt before the resit/rescheduled exam. Non-approved coursework requirements may delay the student's advancement in the program.

Practical test

In the course BIO1100, students must perform an individual practical test in laboratory skills. If the coursework requirement is not approved, it will be arranged for a second attempt before the ordinary exam. Approval is a prerequisite for being able to take the ordinary exam. The student is entitled to a third attempt before the resit/rescheduled exam. Non-approved work requirements may delay the student's advancement in the program.

This programme description was prepared by OsloMet pursuant to the National Curriculum Regulations for Engineering Education, adopted by the Ministry of Education on 18 Mai 2018.

The Norwegian Qualifications Framework for Higher Education, which was adopted by the Ministry of Education and Research on 20 March 2009, provides an overview of the overall learning outcomes defined in terms of the knowledge, skills and general competence candidates are expected to have achieved after completing the degree programme. The learning outcomes described in the programme description have been prepared in accordance with the National Curriculum Regulations and the Qualifications Framework.

The purpose of the programme is to provide students with a broad theoretical and practical background. Knowledge of biotechnology will be based on a general chemistry platform and thorough training in chemical analysis techniques, which will give the students flexibility in terms of their choice of career and further studies.

Biotechnology is sometimes referred to as the new global growth industry. Great progress has been made in biotechnology, especially in connection with medical diagnostics, forensic analyses, treatment of illnesses, production processes (beer, wine, yoghurt and cheese), animal feed, biological water treatment, the utilisation of enzymes in technical processes, for example in biodiesel and petrol production, and waste management.

An education in biotechnology and chemistry provides opportunities to take part in exciting developments in the food processing industry, pharmaceutical industry, chemical industry, and the aquaculture and fisheries industry. The education can also provide opportunities for jobs relating to R&D activities at several research institutions and in various research communities.

Possible work areas also include the operation of water treatment facilities, analyses of polluting emissions and mapping of the damaging effects of such pollution on people, animals and nature. The broad chemistry background this programme provides will also enable candidates to work in the industrial production of glue, paint and varnish, detergents and petroleum products.

Further education

The bachelor’s degree programme in Biotechnology and Applied Chemistry has one programme option:

• Biotechnology

It is a three-year programme, and candidates who have completed the programme will be awarded the degree Bachelor of Biotechnology and Applied Chemistry.

There are a number of further education options for candidates with a bachelor’s degree in engineering. Many students go on to take a master’s degree in technology at OsloMet (for example at the Faculty of Health Sciences), NTNU, UMB, UiO or other Norwegian and foreign universities.

The content and structure of the study programme (see below) are based on the following six competency areas defined in Section 3 of the Regulations on National Guidelines for Paramedic Science Education:

• Paramedic profession, ethics and health law
• Health, illness and injuries
• Operational ambulance work and emergency preparedness
• Communication, cooperation and decision-making
• Evidence-based practice, innovation and technology
• Quality, management and patient safety

The programme is divided into 11 compulsory courses and incorporates both practical and theoretical teaching at the university and clinical training in the health service. Each year of the programme has a scope of 60 credits.

The bachelor’s degree in paramedic science is comprised by basic medical sciences, clinical subjects and ambulance operative subjects. Skills training, simulation and periods of clinical practice placement are integrated parts of the programme and are to ensure that the learning outcomes are achieved. There should be progress in the student’s knowledge and skills over the course of the study programme. The courses build on each other with gradual progress both in terms of theoretical and practical knowledge to achieve the required skills and independence.

The first year of study is divided into four courses. In the first semester, the students are introduced to the paramedic profession, among other things by focusing on the topics patient safety, culture, law and ethics. The students are then given a general introduction into the basic medical sciences. The second semester comprises the course Assessment and Treatment of Sick and Injured Patients (Part 1), which focuses on introductory knowledge about emergency medicine and traumatology.

The second year of study includes three courses. In the third semester, the students have their first period of clinical practice placement in the ambulance service. In the fourth semester, the focus is on operational work at the accident scene and on mental health, challenging communication, substance abuse and prevention of conflict escalation.

The third year of study comprises four topics. The fifth semester starts with clinical practice placement in the primary and specialist health services. Clinical practice placement is followed by the course Assessment and Treatment of Sick and Injured Patients (Part 2), focusing on issues relating to complex and challenging emergency medical treatment and patient groups with special needs. At the end of the fifth and throughout the sixth semester, the students work on their bachelor thesis and complete the second period of clinical practice placement in the ambulance service.

All courses conclude with a final assessment.

The academic year is 40 weeks long, and the expected workload is 40 hours per week. The number of hours includes both organised teaching as stated in the timetable, students’ self-study, coursework requirements and exams.

INTERACT - Interprofessional Teaching Programme Shared with Other Professional Education Programmes at OsloMet

INTERACT (Interprofessional Interaction with Children and Youth - INTER1100, INTER1200, and INTER1300) is an interprofessional teaching programme at OsloMet, where students from both health and social sciences and teacher/early childhood education programmes meet in interprofessional groups. The aim is to ensure that students gain the competence to meet society’s demands for better coordination of services affecting children and youth. The teaching programme is based on pedagogical principles of interactivity and spiral learning, with extensive use of digital learning and assessment tools to support learning. The teaching programme is conducted at the beginning of January each academic year. For more information, see: https://www.oslomet.no/forskning/forskningsprosjekter/interact

Participation in INTERACT (INTER1100, INTER1200, and INTER1300) is required and must be approved to be awarded a diploma.

Study progress

The following progress requirements apply to the programme:

• Students must have passed the first year of the programme before they can start the second year*
• First and second-year students must have passed the second year of the programme before they can start the third year.

* Exception from the progress requirement:

• The drug calculations exam in the course PMED1300 Pharmacology and Drug Calculations is exempt from the progression requirement but must be passed before the student can can start the third year.